When science informed policy

When is Informed Consent “Informed”?

Typically, a consent document in the United States is a printed form with blank spaces in which the operative procedure is filled in. The form is signed by the patient, and placed into the medical record. At first glance, it would seem that the patient was told of the operative procedure and gave his or her consent. Yet informed consent, or, more accurately, lack of informed consent, is a frequ...

From science to policy--when are scientific results certain enough?

The amount of scientific findings linking air pollution with adverse health effects is continuously growing and indicates a need for action to improve air quality. On 21 September 2005, the European Commission published a new draft directive on air quality, as part of the Thematic Strategy on air pollution. This is a long-term plan on how to reduce air pollution in the European Union in the nex...

Fiction informed by science.

Informed consent in social science.

IN HIS PERSPECTIVE “HOMO EXPERIMENTALIS EVOLVES” (11 JULY, P. 207), J. A. LIST PROUDLY acknowledges that economists perform experiments on human subjects without notifying them: “[I]n a natural f ield experiment, the analyst manipulates experimental conditions in a natural manner, whereby the experimental subjects are unaware that they are participating in an experiment. This approach combines ...

An Evolutionarily Informed Education Science

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